Class 12 Continuity and Differentiability: Joins and Chain Rule

A function can have a value at a point without being continuous there. It can also be continuous without having a derivative. Work through those distinctions before applying a differentiation rule to a piecewise definition.

Curriculum checked 2 October 2026 · original practice for selected skills.

Before you start

You will need: Substitution, simple limits and the derivative of a polynomial.

Attempt each task before opening a hint. If you need help, reveal the first hint, then the setup, then compare your written steps with the solution. Finish with the retests without referring back.

Three ideas to keep in view

Continuity at a point requires the left limit, right limit and assigned function value to agree.

Differentiability compares the limiting slopes from the two sides. A sharp corner can be continuous but fail this test.

Differentiability implies continuity. The reverse implication is false, so a continuity check cannot replace a derivative check.

Try the worked example first

M12-CONT-W1Join two rulesFocused practice

f(x)=kx+1 for x<2, and f(x)=7 for x≥2. Choose k for continuity at 2.

Need a starting hint?

The rule containing equality gives f(2).

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Match 2k + 1 to 7.

Show worked solution
  1. Find both sides

    The left limit is 2k+1. The right limit and value are 7.

  2. Match

    Solve the equality.

    2k+1=7⇒k=32k+1=7\Rightarrow k=3

Answer: k = 3

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

Your turn: three different checks

Write a method as well as an answer. The tasks change the reasoning, not just the numbers.

M12-CONT-Q1Repair a holeFocused practice

For x≠3, f(x)=(x²−9)/(x−3). Set f(3)=c. Which c makes f continuous?

Need a starting hint?

Factor before substituting.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Away from 3, the expression equals x+3.

Show worked solution
  1. Simplify the limit

    Cancel the factor only for x≠3.

    lim⁡x→3(x+3)=6\lim_{x\to3}(x+3)=6
  2. Fill the hole

    The assigned value must equal that limit.

Answer: c = 6

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

M12-CONT-Q2A cornerFocused practice

Is f(x)=|x| continuous and differentiable at 0?

Need a starting hint?

Write separate rules for negative and positive x.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

The left rule is −x and the right rule is x.

Show worked solution
  1. Compare values

    Both limits and f(0) are zero, so it is continuous.

  2. Compare slopes

    The left derivative is −1 and the right derivative is +1.

Answer: Continuous, but not differentiable at 0.

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

M12-CONT-Q3Chain ruleFocused practice

Differentiate (3x+2)⁴ and explain the extra factor.

Need a starting hint?

There is an outer power and an inner linear function.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Differentiate the outside, then multiply by the derivative of 3x+2.

Show worked solution
  1. Outer derivative

    Bring down the power and reduce it by one.

  2. Inner derivative

    Multiply by 3.

    ddx(3x+2)4=12(3x+2)3\frac{d}{dx}(3x+2)^4=12(3x+2)^3

Answer: 12(3x+2)³

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

Catch a likely mistake

A tempting claim: “A continuous function must be smooth.”

Continuity controls values near the point, not whether the left and right slopes agree.

Close the examples and try again

These changed questions test whether you can reconstruct the method. If you use a hint, record where you got stuck and retry later. Completing this small set does not establish full chapter mastery.

M12-CONT-R1New joinIndependent retest

f(x)=ax−2 for x<1 and f(x)=4 for x≥1. Find a for continuity at 1.

Need a starting hint?

Match the left limit to the assigned value.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

a−2=4.

Show worked solution
  1. Evaluate limits

    The left limit is a−2; the other side is 4.

  2. Solve

    Add 2 to both sides.

Answer: a = 6

Could you solve this without the earlier example? If not, revisit the first line where you got stuck.

M12-CONT-R2New compositionIndependent retest

Differentiate (2x−1)⁵.

Need a starting hint?

Apply the chain rule.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Multiply 5(2x−1)⁴ by 2.

Show worked solution
  1. Outer power

    The new power is 4.

  2. Inner rate

    The inner derivative is 2.

Answer: 10(2x−1)⁴

Could you solve this without the earlier example? If not, revisit the first line where you got stuck.

Choose the next useful step

If a retest exposed the same error, rewrite the first incorrect step and explain its correction aloud. If both were independent, return to a mixed exercise or a missed paper question. A parent can ask what changed in the method rather than only asking for the answer.

Frequently asked questions

Should I differentiate a piecewise function before checking continuity?

At a joining point, check continuity first. If it fails, differentiability fails there too. Away from the join, use the rule for that interval.

Can I print the questions and worked solutions separately?

Yes. Use the two print buttons above. The question sheet leaves working space and hides solutions; the worked-solutions option includes the solution steps. Your browser can save either view as a PDF.

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