Class 10 Coordinate Geometry Practice: Distance and Internal Division

Coordinates encode position, so a final answer should make geometric sense. A midpoint lies halfway between endpoints, and a point dividing a segment internally lies inside it. Use these facts to catch arithmetic and ratio-order errors.

Curriculum checked 2 October 2026 · original practice for selected skills.

Before you start

You will need: Signed subtraction, squares and square roots.

Attempt each task before opening a hint. If you need help, reveal the first hint, then the setup, then compare your written steps with the solution. Finish with the retests without referring back.

Three ideas to keep in view

Distance comes from horizontal and vertical differences. Squaring makes each contribution non-negative.

The midpoint averages corresponding coordinates; it does not average x with y.

For AP:PB=m:n, the internal point is ((nxA+mxB)/(m+n), (nyA+myB)/(m+n)). The coefficient of B is the first ratio number because increasing AP moves the point towards B.

Try the worked example first

M10-COORD-W1DistanceFocused practice

Find the distance from A(−1,2) to B(5,10).

Need a starting hint?

Subtract corresponding coordinates.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

The differences are 6 and 8.

Show worked solution
  1. Use Pythagoras

    The displacement forms perpendicular legs of lengths 6 and 8.

    d=62+82d=\sqrt{6^2+8^2}
  2. Simplify

    √100=10.

Answer: 10 units

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

Your turn: three different checks

Write a method as well as an answer. The tasks change the reasoning, not just the numbers.

M10-COORD-Q1MidpointFocused practice

Find the midpoint of (−4,3) and (6,7).

Need a starting hint?

Average x coordinates and y coordinates separately.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

x=(−4+6)/2, y=(3+7)/2.

Show worked solution
  1. Horizontal coordinate

    2/2=1.

  2. Vertical coordinate

    10/2=5.

Answer: (1,5)

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

M10-COORD-Q2Internal ratioFocused practice

P divides A(0,0) to B(9,6) in the ratio AP:PB=1:2. Find P.

Need a starting hint?

P is one-third of the way from A to B.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Multiply the displacement (9,6) by 1/3.

Show worked solution
  1. Fraction along

    AP is 1 out of 3 total parts.

  2. Coordinates

    One-third of (9,6) is (3,2).

Answer: P=(3,2)

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

M10-COORD-Q3A vertical segmentFocused practice

Find the distance between (−3,−2) and (−3,5).

Need a starting hint?

The horizontal coordinates are identical.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Only the vertical difference contributes.

Show worked solution
  1. Difference

    5−(−2)=7.

  2. Distance

    The length is the non-negative magnitude.

Answer: 7 units

Before moving on: can you explain why your method works, as well as give the answer?

Catch a likely mistake

A tempting claim: “Use the ratio numbers as weights on the same named endpoints.”

This reverses the intended position along the segment.

Close the examples and try again

These changed questions test whether you can reconstruct the method. If you use a hint, record where you got stuck and retry later. Completing this small set does not establish full chapter mastery.

M10-COORD-R1Changed distanceIndependent retest

Find the distance from (2,−1) to (5,3).

Need a starting hint?

Find horizontal and vertical differences.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

They are 3 and 4.

Show worked solution
  1. Square

    9+16=25.

  2. Root

    √25=5.

Answer: 5 units

Could you solve this without the earlier example? If not, revisit the first line where you got stuck.

M10-COORD-R2Changed ratioIndependent retest

P divides A(2,1) to B(8,10) with AP:PB=2:1. Find P.

Need a starting hint?

Move two-thirds of the way from A.

Still stuck? Reveal the setup

Displacement is (6,9).

Show worked solution
  1. Scale displacement

    Two-thirds gives (4,6).

  2. Add starting point

    (2,1)+(4,6)=(6,7).

Answer: (6,7)

Could you solve this without the earlier example? If not, revisit the first line where you got stuck.

Choose the next useful step

If a retest exposed the same error, rewrite the first incorrect step and explain its correction aloud. If both were independent, return to a mixed exercise or a missed paper question. A parent can ask what changed in the method rather than only asking for the answer.

Frequently asked questions

Does this set cover external division?

No. It focuses on distance and internal division. The ratio and location checks here assume the point lies between the endpoints.

Can I print the questions and worked solutions separately?

Yes. Use the two print buttons above. The question sheet leaves working space and hides solutions; the worked-solutions option includes the solution steps. Your browser can save either view as a PDF.

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